On the positive side, social media has expanded dissemination channels, enriched content, bridged the gap between authoritative media and audiences, and enhanced the interactivity of sports news dissemination. On the negative side, social media has made it difficult to guarantee news reliability, led to uneven news content quality, and led to serious problems with online verbal abuse. Accurately understanding the characteristics of social media and its impact on sports news dissemination requires proactively addressing the authority of official media, the content of sports news, dissemination models, sociality and interactivity, online legal frameworks, and user quality.
Definition and Characteristics of Sports News
Sports news disseminates information about sports, fitness activities, and related activities, promoting the human spirit of challenging one's limits, constantly overcoming oneself, transcending oneself, and pursuing self-perfection.
The characteristics of sports news are rooted in its subject matter—sports—and are formed and reflected in its coverage of sports. Its distinct characteristics, including a focus on competitive sports, a leisurely and entertaining nature, an international perspective, and emotional content, set it apart from other news. To maintain a strong presence among audiences, sports journalism must first understand their evolving needs for sports news. More importantly, it must grasp the most distinctive characteristics of sports news and craft compelling and engaging articles based on these characteristics. This ensures that sports news truly becomes a topic of enduring interest for the audience, serving their spiritual well-being and leisure, and contributing significantly to the development of sports and journalism.
Genres of Sports News
Major sporting events, such as the Olympics, are reported on at a fast pace. Important matches also feature a wide variety of genres, including news, reports, and commentary. Journalists must master the writing techniques of each genre.
- Match Reports
In addition to the schedule and results, journalists also need to provide additional background information, such as the head-to-head record and pre-match preparations. If athletes are available for immediate post-match interviews, it is recommended to include quotes from the athletes in the release. A comprehensive sports news release consisting of pre-match background, game results, and post-match quotes can be a comprehensive piece.
- On-site Reports
News is just the basics. Reporters reporting on-site are more about discovering information, even minute details, that can't be captured by television cameras. This is where the value of reports lies.
Beyong laying out on-site details, background information is also crucial. This connection between past and present enriches and enriches the story.
Reports are a type of writing that truly reflects the reporter's personal style, inspiring readers to explore their thoughts through words. This is the appeal of sports reports.
- Event Commentaries
Compared to reports, reviews are more critical, summarizing and evaluating a particular sporting event, using extensive citations to express a clear point.
Olympic Games
Main Contents of Sports News Reporting
Sports event reporting includes:
- Pre-match Reports
This is media coverage of events surrounding a major sporting event before it begins. It is an essential component and a common form of sports news reporting. Examples include information on the participating teams, the status of athletes, especially stars, the coaches' deployment, the venue, and the weather. Features: Highlighting the news's function of clarifying doubts and solving puzzles
Genres: Pre-match predictions, pre-match dynamics, pre-match forecasts, pre-match non-events, pre-match interviews
(1) Pre-match predictions: Reports on events related to the game that have not yet occurred but may occur. Most predictive news is hard news, and the importance of the predicted content is relatively prominent. Therefore, scholars believe that accuracy and scientificity are the lifeblood of predictive news and an effective means for the media to exert subjective initiative.
Main functions: First, to provide a reference for the audience to better watch sports games, and second, to provide a basis for lottery players to buy sports lottery tickets.
Prediction objects: ① Game results (win, lose, draw) - mainly for football; ② Participating players; ③ Formation and tactical arrangements
Prediction subject: The accuracy of the prediction mainly depends on the prediction subject, and the predictor should try to find authoritative people to make predictions when conditions permit, such as senior reporters, famous coaches, core players, stars, event organizers, etc.
(2) Pre-match dynamics: Quickly and concisely report the factual news that occurred or changed before the game. Features: short, new, fast, short length, with a few hundred words or a few dozen words. Note: Identify dynamics and write new ideas (news sensitivity); objective narration, speaking the truth; concise and clear, highlighting dynamics (multiple segments, multiple paragraphs, multiple verbs). (3) Pre-match forecast: Reports on people or events related to the game that will happen before the game starts. Inaccurate forecasts are not ruled out, so the sentence "If there are any changes, please refer to the latest forecast" is often added. Unlike pre-match predictions, the former provides a reference for the audience's decision-making, while the pre-match forecast provides an action guide for the audience's behavior. Note: ① Pre-match forecasts are short and concise, reporting the information that the audience wants to know in a short space of time; ② The reporting object is generally a major event that attracts more attention. For this reason, the information source must be authoritative, and it is important to avoid hearsay or random reprinting; ③ The pre-match forecast should not be released too early. The earlier the forecast is released, the greater the possibility of uncertainty and the more likely it is that news will fail.
- Inter-match reporting
This refers to the media using special technical means to broadcast and report the event simultaneously on site during the competition. The main media for inter-match reporting include radio, television, the Internet and other electronic media. Live broadcast of events has become the main means and form of modern media sports reporting.
After the official competition begins, the event reporting stage begins. Comprehensive sports games have multiple events every day, and it is necessary to sort out the events in advance, especially paying attention to the first gold medal, the delegation's key advantage events, and the events in which world sports stars participate.
The first gold medal of each Olympic Games has received a lot of attention, including the first gold medal of the event and the first gold medal of the delegation. The "perfect combination" of the two is naturally a major news point, but if "missed", this regret is also worth reporting.
- Post-match reporting
This mainly refers to the media's timely reporting of the results, process, various situations that occurred in the game, and post-match reactions after the game.
After the electronic media intervened in sports reporting, it forced the newspaper media to change its post-match reporting model, which was mainly based on news.
(1) Reporting on the results of the game: The results of the game are generally arranged in the title and introduction of the event news as the most important sports news element. (2) Important events that occur during the game: Unexpected events often have a certain news value.
(3) The performance of sports stars
(4) The main reasons for the results of the game and the impact they have
Post-game report classification:
(1) Post-game news report: refers to the genre of sports reporting that uses concise, accurate and vivid text to report relevant facts in a timely manner after the end of the sports game. It is generally composed of a title, an introduction and a main body.
(2) Post-game sports news: a form of sports reporting that is more detailed and vivid than news.
(3) Post-game commentary
